Apo A1 is a major protein component of HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein). Higher levels are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), as Apo A1 helps remove excess cholesterol from blood vessels. Apo B is a primary protein component of LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) and VLDL. Elevated Apo B levels indicate an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases as it contributes to plaque formation.Lp(a) is a type of lipoprotein with a structure similar to LDL. High levels of Lp(a) are considered a genetic risk factor for heart disease, particularly in individuals with family history of premature cardiovascular disease.