Normal adult hemoglobin, found in healthy individuals.Found in Sickle Cell Disease (HbSS) and Sickle Cell Trait (HbAS). Causes sickle-shaped red blood cells, leading to anemia, pain, and organ damage.Present during fetal life and decreases after birth. Elevated levels can indicate Sickle Cell Disease or Beta-Thalassemia.A minor component of adult hemoglobin. Elevated in Beta-Thalassemia Minor (Trait).Causes Hemoglobin E Disease. Found in Southeast Asia, including parts of India, leading to mild anemia.Found in Alpha-thalassemia. Characterized by moderate anemia and an imbalance in hemoglobin production.